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Copy pathext4dist.py
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#!/usr/bin/python
# @lint-avoid-python-3-compatibility-imports
#
# ext4dist Summarize ext4 operation latency.
# For Linux, uses BCC, eBPF.
#
# USAGE: ext4dist [-h] [-T] [-m] [-p PID] [interval] [count]
#
# Copyright 2016 Netflix, Inc.
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License")
#
# 12-Feb-2016 Brendan Gregg Created this.
from __future__ import print_function
from bcc import BPF
from time import sleep, strftime
import argparse
# symbols
kallsyms = "/proc/kallsyms"
# arguments
examples = """examples:
./ext4dist # show operation latency as a histogram
./ext4dist -p 181 # trace PID 181 only
./ext4dist 1 10 # print 1 second summaries, 10 times
./ext4dist -m 5 # 5s summaries, milliseconds
"""
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description="Summarize ext4 operation latency",
formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter,
epilog=examples)
parser.add_argument("-T", "--notimestamp", action="store_true",
help="don't include timestamp on interval output")
parser.add_argument("-m", "--milliseconds", action="store_true",
help="output in milliseconds")
parser.add_argument("-p", "--pid",
help="trace this PID only")
parser.add_argument("interval", nargs="?",
help="output interval, in seconds")
parser.add_argument("count", nargs="?", default=99999999,
help="number of outputs")
args = parser.parse_args()
pid = args.pid
countdown = int(args.count)
if args.milliseconds:
factor = 1000000
label = "msecs"
else:
factor = 1000
label = "usecs"
if args.interval and int(args.interval) == 0:
print("ERROR: interval 0. Exiting.")
exit()
debug = 0
# define BPF program
bpf_text = """
#include <uapi/linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#define OP_NAME_LEN 8
typedef struct dist_key {
char op[OP_NAME_LEN];
u64 slot;
} dist_key_t;
BPF_HASH(start, u32);
BPF_HISTOGRAM(dist, dist_key_t);
// time operation
int trace_entry(struct pt_regs *ctx)
{
u32 pid = bpf_get_current_pid_tgid();
if (FILTER_PID)
return 0;
u64 ts = bpf_ktime_get_ns();
start.update(&pid, &ts);
return 0;
}
// The current ext4 (Linux 4.5) uses generic_file_read_iter(), instead of it's
// own function, for reads. So we need to trace that and then filter on ext4,
// which I do by checking file->f_op.
int trace_read_entry(struct pt_regs *ctx, struct kiocb *iocb)
{
u32 pid = bpf_get_current_pid_tgid();
if (FILTER_PID)
return 0;
// ext4 filter on file->f_op == ext4_file_operations
struct file *fp = iocb->ki_filp;
if ((u64)fp->f_op != EXT4_FILE_OPERATIONS)
return 0;
u64 ts = bpf_ktime_get_ns();
start.update(&pid, &ts);
return 0;
}
static int trace_return(struct pt_regs *ctx, const char *op)
{
u64 *tsp;
u32 pid = bpf_get_current_pid_tgid();
// fetch timestamp and calculate delta
tsp = start.lookup(&pid);
if (tsp == 0) {
return 0; // missed start or filtered
}
u64 delta = (bpf_ktime_get_ns() - *tsp) / FACTOR;
// store as histogram
dist_key_t key = {.slot = bpf_log2l(delta)};
__builtin_memcpy(&key.op, op, sizeof(key.op));
dist.increment(key);
start.delete(&pid);
return 0;
}
int trace_read_return(struct pt_regs *ctx)
{
char *op = "read";
return trace_return(ctx, op);
}
int trace_write_return(struct pt_regs *ctx)
{
char *op = "write";
return trace_return(ctx, op);
}
int trace_open_return(struct pt_regs *ctx)
{
char *op = "open";
return trace_return(ctx, op);
}
int trace_fsync_return(struct pt_regs *ctx)
{
char *op = "fsync";
return trace_return(ctx, op);
}
"""
# code replacements
with open(kallsyms) as syms:
ops = ''
for line in syms:
(addr, size, name) = line.rstrip().split(" ", 2)
name = name.split("\t")[0]
if name == "ext4_file_operations":
ops = "0x" + addr
break
if ops == '':
print("ERROR: no ext4_file_operations in /proc/kallsyms. Exiting.")
exit()
bpf_text = bpf_text.replace('EXT4_FILE_OPERATIONS', ops)
bpf_text = bpf_text.replace('FACTOR', str(factor))
if args.pid:
bpf_text = bpf_text.replace('FILTER_PID', 'pid != %s' % pid)
else:
bpf_text = bpf_text.replace('FILTER_PID', '0')
if debug:
print(bpf_text)
# load BPF program
b = BPF(text=bpf_text)
# Common file functions. See earlier comment about generic_file_read_iter().
b.attach_kprobe(event="generic_file_read_iter", fn_name="trace_read_entry")
b.attach_kprobe(event="ext4_file_write_iter", fn_name="trace_entry")
b.attach_kprobe(event="ext4_file_open", fn_name="trace_entry")
b.attach_kprobe(event="ext4_sync_file", fn_name="trace_entry")
b.attach_kretprobe(event="generic_file_read_iter", fn_name="trace_read_return")
b.attach_kretprobe(event="ext4_file_write_iter", fn_name="trace_write_return")
b.attach_kretprobe(event="ext4_file_open", fn_name="trace_open_return")
b.attach_kretprobe(event="ext4_sync_file", fn_name="trace_fsync_return")
print("Tracing ext4 operation latency... Hit Ctrl-C to end.")
# output
exiting = 0
dist = b.get_table("dist")
while (1):
try:
if args.interval:
sleep(int(args.interval))
else:
sleep(99999999)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
exiting = 1
print()
if args.interval and (not args.notimestamp):
print(strftime("%H:%M:%S:"))
dist.print_log2_hist(label, "operation", section_print_fn=bytes.decode)
dist.clear()
countdown -= 1
if exiting or countdown == 0:
exit()